Apparatus for adding reagents to liquids or for mixing liquids.



M. BEACON & W. GORE. APPARATUS FOR ADDING RBAGENTEI TO LIQUIDS OR FORMIXING LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED AI-II. 30, .1912. 1,056,780. PatentedMar. 25, 1913.

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COLUMBIA PLANDGRAPH 60.. WASHINGTON. D. C

M. DBAGON & W. GORE.

APPARATUS FOR ADDING-REAGENTS TO LIQUIDS OR FOR MIXING LIQUIDS.APPLICATION FILED APR.30, 1912.

1,056,780. Patented Mar.25,1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH c0.,WAsmNuTON, D. '64

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN BEACON AND WILLIAM some, or LoNDoN, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR ADDING REAGENTSE TO LIQUIDS OR FOR MIXING LIQUIDS.

Specification or? Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

Application filed April 80;; 1912. Serial No. 694,267.

To aZ Z whom it may concern Be it known that we, Mairriiv Deacon andlViLLLiM Gone, subjects of the King of, England, and both residing atLondon, i11 England, have invented certain new and; for, Adding Reagentsto Liquids or for Mixing Liquids, of which the following is a speciuseful li'nprovement-s in Apparatus fication.

and to carry such reagent into the main stream of the liquid.

pass into the main liquid.

One of the objects of the present invention is to obviate thisdisadvantage by the provision of a second chamber communicating with thefirst chamber containing the re agent through a valve-controlledconnection, the arrangement being such that the recharging of thechamber can be caused to? As;

displace liquid in the second chamber. the second chamber normallycontains water or other liquid to be treated, uncharged with thereagent, the displacement of liquid from the second chamber does notcause any waste of the reagent. I

Another feature of the invention is the provision of a mixing chamber orvessel by; means of which the density of the reagent-f carrying liquidis maintained constant. As the volume of the reagent-carrying liquidadded to the main liquid, is usually made proportional to the amount ofliquid pass-, ing through the main, it is of importance that th strengthor density of the solution containing the reagent should be maintainedconstant.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate one construction ofapparatus ac cording to this invention, Figure 1 is an elevation, someparts being shown in sec-. tion. Figs. 2 and 3 are sectional views on alarger scale showing one of the valves in two positions, and Fig. 4 isan elevation In apparatus of thisf kind the chamber containing thereagent has, to be recharged periodically and there is a. possibility ofthe new charge displacing the liquid saturated with the reagent andwast-' ing it, or else causing an undue quantity to partly in sectionshowing another part of the apparatus which can be used in conjunctionwith the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

\Vith reference first to Figs. 1, 9- and 3, th main pipe A. conveying,for example, the supply of unfiltered water to a filter is provided witha restriction in the form of a plate B having tubular openings B. Thesetubes B lead into other short tubes B which, in the example illustrated,are of slightly larger diameter. The direction of flow of the water in.the main A is in the direction of the arrow a in Fig. 1, and from thehigh pressure side of the restriction formed by the plate B and itsopenings, a pipe C leads to a six-way valve or cock D. This cock is alsoin communication with the low pressure side of the restriction by meansof a pipe E. At some convenient place preferably adjacent to therestriction in the main pipe, two vertical chambers are provided one ofthese F, being furnished with a removable cover F and adapted to containsome reagent for example, a coagulant. The other vessel Ur which isconnected to the vessel F through the six-way cock D is intended tocontain only water or other liquid which is passing through the main A.By reference of Fig. 1 it will be seen that a pipe G connects the top ofthe vessel G to the cock D, a similar pipe F serving to connect the cockwith the top of the vessel F. A pipe 11 connects the cock to the bottomof the vessel G and the lower portions of the two vessels F and G areconnected by a pipe J in which is interposed a regulating valve J. Thecock is shown in section in Figs. 2 and 3, Fig. 2 illustrating theposition of the cock during the normal operation of the apparatus andFig. 3 showing its position when the apparatus is being recharged. \Vhenthe cock D is in the position illustrated in Fig. 2 it will be seen thatthe pipes F and E are placed in communication with each other, the pipesC and G being also connected.

The operation of the apparatus is then as follows :iVater or otherliquid from the high pressure side of the restriction in the main pipe Apasses through the pipes C and G into the top of the second chamber Gr,out at the bottom of that chamber through the pipe J and regulatingvalve J into the lower extremity of the chamber F whence it risesthrough a grid F which is used to support thereagentwhen a solid orcrystalline substance is used. From the upper end of the chamber F theliquid charged with the reagent, passes through the pipes F and E to thelow pressure side of the restriction in the main pipe. It will be seenthat the entrance for the liquid from the pipe E in the main A isarranged so that the liquid passes into the larger tubes B and the flowof the reagent-saturated liquid is thus assisted by the passage of theunfiltered liquid through the smaller tubes B. lVhen it is desired toreplenish the chamber F with the reagent the cock D is moved into theposition shown in Fig. 3,

i that is to say, when the pipe F is placed in communication with thepipe H and the pipe G connected to a pipe K leading to waste. \Vhen thecock is turned into this position the cover F is removed and freshreagent placed in the vessel F. Any solution saturated with the reagent,which may be in the vessel F, is displaced and passes through the pipesF and H into the bottom of the second chamber G. In this chainher itwill displace water which will pass out through the pipes G and K towaste.

It will be seen from Fig. 1 that a second set of two chambers F" and Gis provided connected to the main pipe A and to each other in a mannersimilar to that described with reference to the chambers F and G.

'This second set may be used alternatively with the first set or bothsets may operate simultaneously, for example, one set may supply asuitable coagulant to the water and the other set may provide lime orother alkali.

If the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 be used alone, it is advisable that theliquid passing through the pipe E and carrying the reagent, should be asaturated solution of the reagent, but there are difliculties inconnection with the use of a saturated solution. In the first place sucha solution is liable to crystallize out and clog the small pas sages ot'the apparatus, and also in many cases the proportion of reagent requiredis so small that there is ditficulty in adding it in the form of asaturated solution. To overcome these difliculties it is preferred touse in conjunction with the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, the mixing anddensity regulat ing apparatus shown in Fig. 4. This comprises a chamberor casing L having an upper inlet L for the dense or saturated liquidand another inlet L at the bottom, for water or less dense liquid. Thesetwo inlets are controlled by a float M, preferably in the formot a lightcylindrical body, which can be weighted to suit the specific gravity ofthe mixture which is to be used. At the top of the float M is a conicalvalve M working in conjunction with the inlet L, while the bottom of thefloat is provided with a similar valve M to control the inlet L For thesake of clearness. this apparatus isshown in Fig. a. separate from theapparatus in Fig. 1, but it is to be understood that the pipe E of Fig.1, leading from the six-way cock D could be cut and connected to thepipe E of Fig. i, so that when the cock D is in the position illustratedin Fig. 2, the liquid saturated with the reagent coming from the vesselF through the pipes F and E, would flow through the pipe E into theregulating vessel L by way of the inlet L. The second inlet L of theregulator L is intended to be connected as shown in Fig. 4 to the main Aon the high pressure side of the restriction. Thus the inlet L may becon nected to the pipe C. The vessel L is provided with an outlet Lconveniently midway between the inlets L and L The mixture flowing fromthis outlet passes through a pipe E and enters the main A on the lowpressure side of the restriction. Thus the pipe E may be regarded asforming the lower end of the pipe E of Fig. 1. It will be understoodthat it the weight of the float M is properly adjusted the density ofthe liquid passing out of the vessel L, by way ot-the outlet L can bekept at any predetermined value. It the mixture in the chamber L is toodense the float will rise and will tend to shut off the supply of denseliquid from the inlet L and to increase the flow of the water or lessdense liquid coming in at the inlet L If, on the other hand, thesolution is too weak the float M will sink, opening the inlet L for thedense liquid and tending to close the inlet for the water. In orderthat, when the float M sinks, its entire weight shall not be taken bythe pointed valve M itis preferred to employ a construction such as thatillustrated in which, after the inlet L has been closed, the weight ofthe cylinder is taken upon a screwed cap N or other rigid shoulder withwhich the nut or collar N on the float M, comes into contact. One orother of the inlets L, L may be adjustable in order to vary the travelof the float.

It is preferred to employ strainers at each of the inlets and the outletof the vessel L, for the quantity of reagent required is often so smallthat very minute orifices are necessary and consequently it is well toavoid any risk of clogging. Such strainers are shown at O in Fig. 4 andcooks may be provided on each side of each strainer, so that anystrainer may be removed and cleaned without wasting the liquid.

The cock shown at P in Fig. 4; is intended to provide a graduated outletfor the mixture passing from the vessel L. The cock may convenientlycomprise a plug tap having a series of circular orifices so arrangedthat any one of them can be brought into line with a straight-throughpassage. Any well known arrangement of this kind may be employed andobviously it may be inserted at the point where the liquid leaves themain A, that is in the main pipe C, instead of at the point where theliquid returns to the main.

, T he float itself may be made of some material which is not acted uponby the liquid under treatment, or may be coated with some such material.Hard rubberor vulcanite may be used for the valves and their seatings.

hatwe claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentis 1. In apparatus for adding reagents to liquids or mixing liquids thecombination of a chamber adapted to contain the reagent, a secondchamber adapted to contain the liquid under treatment, a main for theliquid having a restriction to give a difference of head, connectionsbetween the chambers and the main and a cock controlling theconnections, such cock and the connections being so disposed that therecharging of the first chamber will only displace liquid uncharged withthe reagent in the second chamber.

2. In apparatus for adding reagents to liquids the combination of achamber adapted to contain the reagent, a second chamber adapted tocontain the liquid under treatment, a main for the liquid having arestriction to give a difference of head, connections between the twochambers and be tween the chambers and the high and low pressure sidesof the restriction in the main and a cock controlling such connections,said cock and connections being so disposed and arranged that in oneposition of the cook the liquid to be treated passes from the highpressure side of the restriction to the second chamber, the liquiddisplaced from the second chamber entering the first chamber anddisplacing liquid charged with reagent and causing it to pass to the lowpressure side of the restriction, while in the other position of thecock the reagent can be added to the first chamber and displaces liquiduncharged with the reagent from the second chamber.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MARTIN DEAOON. WILLIAM GORE.

Vitnesses DAVID HALTON THOMSON, HENRY EDWARD THOMPSON ELLIS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

